Alternative Energies Essay -- Fossil Fuels, Solar Energy

Do you have to pay to put fuel in a vehicle? I know I do and it's becoming more of a large burden rather than just another small expense of living. It's safe to say that the majority of people owning motor vehicles dislike the constant fluctuation in the price of oil and gasoline. The four worst polluters when it comes to the burning of fossil fuels are the United States, China, Japan, and Britain (Editorial par. 3). At the rate at which it is rising now, vehicles are soon going to be a luxury because people will not be able to afford the price of fuel. One possible solution to this problem, and many other instances that rely on the burning of fossil fuels, is the use of renewable energy sources. Two of the more notable energies are solar and wind power. Both are resources that cannot be depleted. The light from the sun can be transformed into electricity, used to power furnaces and air-conditioners, and warm up water (Solar Energy par. 1). In reality, the sun is the source that cre ated almost every source of energy on Earth, whether it is a direct or indirect effect (Solar Energy par. 3). â€Å"Concentrating solar power offers a utility-scale, firm, dispatchable renewable energy options that can help meet our nation's demand for electricity.† (www.eere.energy.gov). Wind power is another one of the possibilities to replace the burning of fossil fuels. It was very popular for energy to be created by windmills in the past, but fossil fuels have become the replacement for such devices. Many would like to see a return to the use of windmills because it provides an energy source that is completely clean and renewable (Wind Energy par. 1). There are many projects already devoted to bringing about this major change in technology. The Interna... ...nlight, solar energy can not be produced very efficiently or may not be able to be produced at all (Solar Energy par 53). Solar energy is not the only alternative energy that has its downfalls. One disadvantage of using wind power is the intense sound that the turbines produce. This is the reason that most â€Å"wind farms† are placed on the countryside or away from communities (Wind Energy par. 81). Another drawback is the large amount of space that is required for the placement of wind turbines. As stated before, the land can still be used for other conventional means after the turbines are built. Finding an area large enough near big cities is the reason that using wind energy for electricity has not become a popular method to produce energy (Wind Energy par. 83). Believe it or not, there are actually some negative effects that wind power imposes on the environment.

Nursing Care for Dissociative Indentity Disorder

Dissociative identity disorder is a common mental disorder. American Psychiatric Association (2000) defines DID as, â€Å"presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states that recurrently take control of the individual’s behaviour, accompanied by an inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness† (as cited in Ringrose, 2011, p. 294). Coons (1998) states that an individual suffering from DID shows different personalities who may have different ages, names, and functions (as cited in Gentile, Dillon & Gillig, 2013, p. 24). The original personality is host and developed personalities are alters who may have different level of conciousness and knowledge (Persin, 2011, p. 58). It is complex type of disorder, Briere & Elliott (2003) and Spitzer et al. (2006) estimate that 1 to 3 percentage of total population are suffering from DID in North America (as cited in Gleadhill & Ferris, 2010, p. 3). The complexities in personality of the DID patient make difficulty in treatment; however, Chlebowski and Gregory (2012) argue that sychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnosis, group and family therapy are common for the treatment methods for DID (p. 165). By developing effective long term nursing care plan, and implementing it through the individual, family or group therapy, nursing intervention can play important role f or the treatment of DID patient having different symptoms. DID patients may show several symptoms including amnesia, identity confusion, identity alteration, feeling of loss of time and space, flashbacks, nightmares, headache, and emotional instability. Steinberg’s (2004) structured clinical interview for the diagnosis of DID identifies the five core symptoms as amnesia, depersonalisation, derealisation, identity confusion and identity alteration (as cited in Gleadhill & Ferris, 2010, p. 43). DID patient may also have the symptoms such as fear of others, loneliness, deep insecurity and lack of a coherent sense of self, loss of time and space, flashbacks, nightmares, fragmented and missing memories, headaches, emotional instability ranging from extremes of rage and fear through to numbing and inability to feel (McAllister, 2000, p. 26). Coons (1998) identifies some somatic symptoms such as pseudoseizures, conversion, and gastrointestinal and genitourinary disturbances (as cited in Gentile, Dillon & Gillig, 2013, p. 24). Coons further agrues that DID patients usually show the signs such as eye rolling, eye blinking, trancelike behaviour, and changes in posture during changing of personality from host to alter. Some of the DID patients also report dissociative symptoms of extrasensory experiences such as hallucinations (Gillig, 2009, p. 26). Whatever the symptoms the DID patient shows, there are underlying several traumatic causes for the patient suffering on his/her childhood. DID is acquired in the childhood due to severe ongoing neglect, physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse. Lev-Weisel (2008) states that when child gets abused, mostly sexually abused, he/she thinks the body no longer be a safe home, and thinks to get rid from the abused situation (as cited in Gleadhill & Ferris, 2010, p. 43). This situation develops dissociative behaviours in an individual as a coping mechanism. Curtis (1988), and Ross and Fraser (1987) argue that repeatition of abuse strengthens the defense mechnism of dissociation which allows abusive memories to be stored in different memory banks so that alter is formed with different personalities to handle the abuse (as cited in Precin, 2011, p. 8). Gold, Hill, Swingle and Elphant (1999) and Volkman (1993) state that the severity of the DID depends on child's age at the time of abuse, duration and severity of abuse, emotional attachment to the abuser, and psychological factors (as cited in Gleadhill & Ferris, 2010, p. 43). In addition to severe child abuse, Armstrong (1991), and Main and Solomon (1986) identify that a disorganized attachment style, and the absence of social as well as familial support also develop DID (as cited in Gillig, 2009, p. 24). Several therapies are in practice for the treatment of the DID such as sychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, art therapy, hypnosis, group and family therapy. Among them common treatments for DID identified by Pais (2009) include individual, family, or group therapy, creative arts therapies, pharmacotherapy and clinical hypnosis (as cited in Gleadhill & Ferris, 2010, p. 44). Due to complexity of disorder and multiple personalities to treat within an individual, Weber (2007) reports that its treatment is often long as well as challenging with possibility of remission scarce (as cited in Gleadhill & Ferris, 2010, p. 3). Chlebowski and Gregory (2012) argue that the treatment model with the largest empirical basis has been Kluft's (1999) individualized and multistaged treatment (p. 167). They state, â€Å"It involves making contact and agreement among alters to work towards integration, accessing and processing trauma with occasional use of hypnosis, learning new coping skills, and eventually fusion among the alters and the self† (p. 167). O'Reilly in1996 develops a nursing therapy model for the treatment of DID patient that focuses basically on three stages: reassuring present safety, associating important merories by ensuring patient confidence, and listening, applying and sharing the interpretation (as cited in McAllister, 2000, p. 31). McAllister et al. after an action research in 2001 find that nurse can reassociate the memory of DID patient by developing effective individualized as well as group therapeutic relationship with the patient (P. 31). Association of dissociative memory is quite challenging work among the psychotherapist; however, longitudanal individual and group therapies are still considered as effective methods for the treatment of DID. With patient's support on treatment, nursing intervention may be effective method for the treatment of DID patient by developing longitudanal, individualized and multistaged effective care plan. Some studies on nursing therapy for DID patient show its potentiality for the treatment; however, further research is necessary to identify its effectiveness.

Business Writing Essay - 1222 Words

Writing is largely an iterative process that improves with practice. We have done a great deal of writing and revising in this course. We have also read Timothy Flood’s Business Writing in its entirety. Reflect on your writing skills and confidence five weeks ago and consider the progress you have made. Specifically, what new skills have you added to your writer’s repertoire that will help carry you through your graduate program? Discussion I Professor and Class, What an interesting five weeks. I am so happy we’re almost done! Five weeks ago, I struggle with getting started on writing. Today, I feel my writing skills have improved tremendously. I no longer struggle with getting started and I feel I am a much stronger writer†¦show more content†¦This class taught me to consider my audience and to remain professional at all times. Even while writing simple personal or non-personal letters, notes, emails or memo. Both authors, Flood and Thomas believes this part or style of writing comes with practice and if we practice professional writing, writing will become much easier to writers like me who feels writing is not one of their strong suits. Carla Over the last five weeks, I believe I have learned a lot from this class. This class has taught me it was okay to be creative while writing, but be very careful with my word choices, especially, those words that could have multiple meanings or words that could have a totally different meaning in other countries. I have also learned to remove unnecessary jargon from personal and business writing. When jargon is included in business writing, it could be offensive to other readers and can demonstrate the writer writing ability and his or her weaknesses. or professional an writing skills would become natural to the writer. be to watch who I include on an email and as is if the writer is angry to his or her request. or instructions. awareness. . 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